Which nerve primarily innervates the maxillary incisors?

The maxillary incisors are primarily innervated by the anterior superior alveolar nerve (ASA). This nerve is a branch of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (V2) and specifically provides sensory innervation to the maxillary incisors, canines, and associated gingiva.

The ASA contributes to the sensation of the maxillary front teeth, making it critical in dental procedures involving the incisors. Understanding the precise innervation helps in administering local anesthesia effectively, ensuring adequate pain control during dental procedures on these teeth.

While the posterior superior alveolar nerve (PSA) innervates the molars, and the middle superior alveolar nerve (MSA) can provide innervation to the premolars and, in some cases, the first molar, neither is responsible for the incisors. The infraorbital nerve (IO) is a branch of the maxillary nerve that can also provide sensory innervation to a broader area including the incisive area, but the ASA is specifically designated for the incisors. This highlights the importance of identifying the correct nerve for effective anesthesia in dental practice.